对H.Pylori感染的免疫防治虽已进行了大量研究并取得了令人瞩目的成果，但尚有许多问题有待解决。筛选最佳抗原或抗原组合及无毒高效的佐剂，发展无需佐剂的疫苗如活载体疫苗或核酸疫苗，联合不同类型疫苗进行免疫，确定最佳免疫剂量、时间及接种年龄，确定简便有效的免疫途径；疫苗和药物联合使用治疗H.Pylori感染等都还有大量工作需要去做。H.Pylori与宿主之间复杂的相互作用，免疫接种后的保护性反应机理以及所涉及的不同免疫细胞的功能等都还需深入探讨。筛选最佳抗原或抗原组合是研制有效疫苗的关键。1997年，Tomb等测定了H.Pylori（26695菌株）完整的基因序列，随后MacAtee等应用“蛋白组”技术，即联合应用双向凝胶电泳和Western印迹法快速分离鉴定H.Pylori的抗原，并将分离出的抗原蛋白质谱数据与从基因组DNA序列预测者进行比较，从而能很快筛选出有潜在诊疗价值的H.Pylori蛋白及新的疫苗候选抗原 [73,74]。2000年斯坦福大学研制成功了H.Pylori全基因芯片，可以对H.Pylori的序列进行高通量的筛选和分析。这些以基因组为基础的抗原筛选过程大大将加速了疫苗研制进程[75，76]。

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