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发表日期: 1994-12-15

英文标题: Eradication of Helicobacter pylori should be pivotal in managing peptic ulceration. Helicobacter pylori is not the causative agent.

中文标题: 根除幽门螺杆菌应该是治疗消化性溃疡的关键。幽门螺杆菌不是致病因素。

论文作者: Record CO(1).

英文摘要:

中文摘要:

发表日期: 1994-12-10

英文标题: [Macrolides. New therapeutic prospects].

中文标题:

论文作者: Bryskier A(1), Labro MT.

英文摘要: The aim of the development of semisynthetic derivatives was to overcome the problem of chemical stability of erythromycin A in acid medium, with less variability in gastro-intestinal absorption and leading to renewed interest in macrolides. The new macrolides have the same antibacterial spectrum as erythromycin A including Gram-positive and Gram-negative cocci, intracellular bacteria, mycoplasma, Campylobacter sp., Helicobacter pylori, mycobacteria spp., Gram-negative bacilli including Haemophilus influenzae, Bordetella pertussis, Pasteurella multocida, Gram-positive bacilli including Corynebacterium diphtheriae and anaerobic species. In vitro activity against Haemophilus influenzae is still a controversial subject. Macrolides are among the best tolerated antibacterial agents. Theoretically, macrolides could be given to a large range of patients even those suffering from underlying diseases. The new macrolides, roxithromycin, azithromycin, clarithromycin, dirithromycin, rokitamycin and miokamycin, are indicated for the treatment of upper respiratory tract infections and lower respiratory tract infections due to intracellular bacteria or Mycoplasma pneumoniae. Macrolides could be used as first line therapy for non-gonococcal urethritis, especially those due to Chlamydia trachomatis or Ureaplasma urealyticum. In pelvic inflammatory infections in which Chlamydia trachomatis is involved macrolides could also be used. Other non-conventional indications under discussion are H. pylori and Lyme's disease. Macrolides in combination with other antibacterials could be an alternative for Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare infections. The antiparasite effect of erythromycin has been known since the 1950s. Extensive experimental work is currently underway to determine the potential use of these drugs in this setting. Research during the 80s in the macrolide field, led to enhanced pharmacokinetic properties. Current research is focused on expanding the antibacterial spectrum and to overcome cross-resistance among 14-membered-ring macrolides.

中文摘要: 开发半合成衍生物的目的是克服红霉素A在酸性介质中的化学稳定性问题,胃肠吸收的变异性较小,并导致对大环内酯类药物的新兴趣。。对流感嗜血杆菌的体外活性仍然是一个有争议的话题。大环内酯类是耐受性最好的抗菌剂之一。从理论上讲,大环内酯类药物可以给予大量患者,甚至是那些患有基础疾病的患者。新的大环内酯类药物,罗红霉素,阿奇霉素,克拉霉素,地红霉素,罗基他霉素和米可霉素,适用于治疗由细胞内细菌或肺炎支原体引起的上呼吸道感染和下呼吸道感染。大环内酯类药物可作为非淋菌性尿道炎的一线治疗药物,尤其是沙眼衣原体或解脲支原体引起的尿道炎。在涉及沙眼衣原体的盆腔炎感染中,也可以使用大环内酯类药物。正在讨论的其他非常规适应症是幽门螺杆菌和莱姆病。大环内酯类药物联合其他抗菌药物可能是鸟分枝杆菌细胞内感染的替代品。自20世纪50年代以来,人们就知道红霉素的抗寄生虫作用。目前正在进行广泛的实验工作,以确定这些药物在这种情况下的潜在用途。80年代在大环内酯类药物领域的研究导致了药代动力学特性的增强。目前的研究集中在扩大抗菌谱和克服14元环大环内酯类药物之间的交叉耐药性。

发表日期: 1994-12-01

英文标题: [Helicobacter pylori gastric infections in children].

中文标题: [儿童幽门螺杆菌胃感染]。

论文作者: Benhamou PH(1), Kalach N, Raymond J, Abdallah C, Dupont C.

英文摘要: OBJECTIVES: Numerous reports have established the association of Helicobacter pylori and recurrent abdominal pain in children. We investigated the clinical, bacteriological and therapeutic features of our patients seen over a 1 year period.METHODS: We investigated 121 children during 1992 in Hospital Saint Vincent-de-Paul, Paris. At endoscopy, biopsies were taken and sent for histology and bacteriology and urease testing. A decision regarding treatment by amoxicillin and metronidazol was made after positive results of bacteriology and/or histology.RESULTS: Heliobacter pylori was found in 47 antral biopsies after pathology examination with Giemsa staining alone 16 times, bacterial culture 9 times and both methods 22 times. Abdominal pain was the prominent symptom, occurring in 35.5% of Helicobacter pylori+patients. In 25 of the positive negative patients, a nodular gastritis was observed (53.1%) and in 27.6% of them a weight loss or a delay in weight gain. Few patients became after combined treatment with amoxicillin and metronidazol whereas eradication rates after triple therapy with amoxicillin-metronidazol and H2 antagonist or proton pump blocker were higher.CONCLUSION: Helicobacter pylori related gastritis is a common cause of abdominal complaints in children. The most common symptom is recurrent abdominal pain. Antral nodularity is a peculiar endoscopic finding in children. Two-drug therapy associating amoxicillin-metronidazol is often ineffective to eradicate the bacteria whereas eradication rates after triple therapy amoxicillin-metronidazol and H2 antagonist or proton pump blocker are higher.

中文摘要: 目的:许多报道已经证实幽门螺杆菌与儿童复发性腹痛有关。我们调查了1年来患者的临床,细菌学和治疗特征。方法:我们于1992年在巴黎圣文森特德保罗医院对121名儿童进行了调查。在内窥镜检查时,进行了活检,并送去进行组织学,细菌学和尿素酶检测。在细菌学和/或组织学阳性结果后,决定使用阿莫西林和甲硝唑治疗。结果:47例胃窦活检组织经吉姆萨染色16次,细菌培养9次,两种方法22次病理检查均发现幽门螺杆菌。腹痛是突出的症状,发生在35.5%的幽门螺杆菌+患者中。在25名阳性阴性患者中,观察到结节性胃炎(53.1%),其中27.6%的患者体重减轻或体重增加延迟。阿莫西林和甲硝唑联合治疗后很少有患者出现,而阿莫西林-甲硝唑和H2拮抗剂或质子泵阻滞剂三联治疗后的根除率更高。。最常见的症状是反复腹痛。胃窦结节是儿童特有的内镜发现。与阿莫西林-甲硝唑相关的两种药物治疗通常对根除细菌无效,而三联疗法阿莫西林-甲硝唑和H2拮抗剂或质子泵阻滞剂后的根除率更高。

发表日期: 1994-12-01

英文标题: Sucralfate gel for symptomatic chronic gastritis: multicentre comparative trial versus sucralfate suspension.

中文标题: 硫糖铝凝胶治疗症状性慢性胃炎:多中心比较试验与硫糖铝混悬液。

论文作者: Guslandi M(1), Ferrero S, Fusillo M.

英文摘要: The object of this study was to compare the efficacy of a new sucralfate gel formulation and the standard sucralfate suspension in the treatment of chronic gastritis. This multicentre randomized trial included 368 dyspeptic patients with endoscopic features of histologically confirmed chronic gastritis. Patients were randomized to a six week treatment with either 1 g bid sucralfate gel or 1 g qid sucralfate suspension. Endoscopic and histological assessment plus urease test for Helicobacter pylori were performed at 0 and 6 weeks. Clinical evaluation of symptoms were obtained at 0, 3 and 6 weeks. Results showed that both treatments were equally effective in promoting symptom relief, in inducing endoscopic and histological healing or in the improvement of the lesions. Therefore sucralfate gel is as effective as the standard preparation in the treatment of chronic gastritis, with the advantage that its b.i.d. administration improves patients' compliance.

中文摘要: 本研究的目的是比较新型硫糖铝凝胶制剂和标准硫糖铝混悬液治疗慢性胃炎的疗效。这项多中心随机试验包括368名消化不良患者,其内镜特征为组织学证实的慢性胃炎。患者被随机分配到1 g bid硫糖铝凝胶或1 g qid硫糖铝混悬液的6周治疗。在0周和6周时进行内镜和组织学评估以及幽门螺杆菌尿素酶试验。在0,3和6周获得症状的临床评估。结果显示,两种治疗方法在促进症状缓解,诱导内镜和组织学愈合或改善病变方面同样有效。因此,硫糖铝凝胶在治疗慢性胃炎方面与标准制剂一样有效,其优点是其b.i.d.给药可提高患者的依从性。

发表日期: 1994-12-01

英文标题: Helicobacter infection and gastric ethanol metabolism.

中文标题: 幽门螺杆菌感染和胃乙醇代谢。

论文作者: Salmela KS(1), Salaspuro M, Gentry RT, Methuen T, Höök-Nikanne J, Kosunen TU, Roine RP.

英文摘要: The organism frequently colonizing the stomach of patients suffering from chronic active gastritis and peptic ulcer disease--Helicobacter pylori--possesses marked alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) activity. Consequently, Helicobacter infection may contribute to the capacity of the stomach to metabolize ethanol and lead to increased acetaldehyde production. To study this hypothesis, we first determined ADH activity in a variety of H. pylori strains originally isolated from human gastric mucosal biopsies. ADH activity was also measured in endoscopic gastric mucosal specimens obtained from H. pylori-positive and -negative patients. Furthermore, we used a mouse model of Helicobacter infection to determine whether infected animals exhibit more gastric ethanol metabolism than noninfected controls. Most of the 32 H. pylori strains studied possessed clear ADH activity and produced acetaldehyde. In humans, gastric ADH activity of corpus mucosa did not differ between H. pylori-positive and -negative subjects, whereas in antral biopsies ADH activity was significantly lower in infected patients. In mice, gastric ADH activity was similar or even lower in infected animals than in controls, depending on the duration of infection, despite the fact that the infectious agent used--Helicobacter felis--showed ADH activity in vitro. In accordance with this, Helicobacter infection tended to decrease rather than increase gastric ethanol metabolism in mice. In humans, it remains to be established whether the observed decrease in antral ADH activity associated with H. pylori infection can lead to reduced gastric first-pass metabolism of ethanol.

中文摘要: 这种经常在患有慢性活动性胃炎和消化性溃疡疾病的患者的胃中定植的生物体-幽门螺杆菌-具有明显的酒精脱氢酶(ADH)活性。因此,螺杆菌感染可能有助于胃代谢乙醇的能力,并导致乙醛产量增加。为了研究这一假设,我们首先确定了最初从人胃粘膜活检中分离的各种幽门螺杆菌菌株中的ADH活性。在从幽门螺杆菌阳性和阴性患者获得的内镜胃粘膜标本中也测量了ADH活性。此外,我们使用螺杆菌感染的小鼠模型来确定感染的动物是否比未感染的对照组表现出更多的胃乙醇代谢。研究的32株幽门螺杆菌菌株中的大多数具有明显的ADH活性并产生乙醛。在人类中,幽门螺杆菌阳性和阴性受试者的胃粘膜ADH活性没有差异,而在感染患者的胃窦活检中,ADH活性显着降低。在小鼠中,受感染动物的胃ADH活性与对照组相似甚至更低,这取决于感染的持续时间,尽管所使用的感染因子-猫螺杆菌-在体外显示出ADH活性。因此,螺杆菌感染倾向于减少而不是增加小鼠的胃乙醇代谢。在人类中,观察到的与幽门螺杆菌感染相关的胃窦ADH活性降低是否会导致乙醇的胃首过代谢减少尚待确定。

发表日期: 1994-12-01

英文标题: [Helicobacter pylori in patients undergoing periodic hemodialysis].

中文标题: [定期血液透析患者的幽门螺杆菌]。

论文作者: Giachino G(1), Sallio-Bruno F, Chiappero F, Saltarelli M, Rosati C, Mazzucco D, Pallante C, Forneris G, Suriani R.

英文摘要: Forty-nine haemodialyzed patients have been submitted consecutively, under informed consent, to endoscopy with multiple antral gastric mucosa biopsies for Helicobacter pylori (HP) identification, performed by urease, microscopic and cultural tests, as well as histologic examination. Patients have been considered HP negative when negative for all tests; positivity for HP has been correlated with gastritis histologically evaluated according to Whitehead; at endoscopy, blood samples for HP specific IgG, IgA, IgM have been collected; patient's life style concerning smoke, alcohol and drugs as FANS has been investigated as well. HP prevalence in our haemodialyzed patients is 38.8 per cent, similar to general population submitted to endoscopy; a statistically significant correlation between HP and gastritis and specific IgG, but no correlation between HP and age, dialysis duration, IgA, IgM, smoking, alcohol or drugs consumption has been found.

中文摘要: 在知情同意的情况下,49名血液透析患者已连续接受内窥镜检查,并通过尿素酶,显微镜和培养试验以及组织学检查进行了多次胃窦粘膜活检以鉴定幽门螺杆菌(HP)。当所有测试均为阴性时,患者被认为是HP阴性;根据Whitehead的组织学评估,HP阳性与胃炎相关;在内窥镜检查中,收集了HP特异性IgG,IgA,IgM的血样;还调查了患者作为球迷的吸烟,饮酒和吸毒的生活方式。我们血液透析患者的HP患病率为38.8%,与接受内窥镜检查的普通人群相似;HP与胃炎和特异性IgG之间存在统计学显着相关性,但HP与年龄,透析时间,IgA,IgM,吸烟,饮酒或药物消耗之间没有相关性。

发表日期: 1994-12-01

英文标题: [Clinical study on Helicobacter pylori infected chronic gastritis treated with supplementing qi and promoting blood circulation drugs].

中文标题: [益气活血药治疗幽门螺杆菌感染慢性胃炎的临床研究]。

论文作者: Zhu R(1), Shan ZW, Zhu YH.

英文摘要: The syndrome of Qi Deficiency and Blood Stasis of chronic gastritis infected by Helicobacter Pylori (HP) was treated with the principle of supplementing Qi and promoting blood circulation. The clinical symptoms, inhibiting and killing of HP and pathohistological study have been observed. It was proved that the treatment could improve the clinical symptoms, reduce the infiltration of inflammatory cells and ameliorate the hyperemia and edema of gastric mucosa. Its inhibition and killing of HP was similar to the gentamycin sulfate (P > 0.05). Toxic and side effects have not been observed by taking this remedy.

中文摘要: 。观察其临床症状、对HP的抑制和杀伤作用及病理学改变。证明该治疗可以改善临床症状,减少炎性细胞浸润,改善胃粘膜充血水肿。其对HP的抑制和杀伤作用与硫酸庆大霉素相似(P>0.05)。服用这种药物没有观察到毒性和副作用。

发表日期: 1994-12-01

英文标题: Effect of Helicobacter pylori on dbc-AMP stimulated acid secretion by human parietal cells.

中文标题: 幽门螺杆菌对dbc-AMP刺激的人壁细胞酸分泌的影响。

论文作者: Jablonowski H(1), Hengels KJ, Krämer N, Geis G, Opferkuch W, Strohmeyer G.

英文摘要: This study examines the effect of different H.p. strains (A-D) on dbc-AMP stimulated acid secretion by human parietal cells in vitro. H.p. strains A and D reduced acid secretion dose-dependently between 20 and 80%. In contrast, H.p. strains B and C had little or no effect. We conclude that H.p. strains vary in their ability to suppress acid secretion, and that the site of inhibition lies beyond the c-AMP level, possibly involving the K+H(+)-ATPase of the parietal cell. Interference with acid secretion may facilitate H.p. colonization of the stomach and may prove to be an important pathogenetic factor.

中文摘要: 本研究检测了不同H.p.菌株(A-D)对dbc-AMP刺激的人壁细胞体外酸分泌的影响。H、 p.菌株A和D在20%至80%之间剂量依赖性地减少酸分泌。相反,H.p.菌株B和C几乎没有影响。我们得出的结论是,H.p.菌株抑制酸分泌的能力各不相同,并且抑制位点位于c-AMP水平之外,可能涉及壁细胞的K+H(+)-ATPase。干扰酸分泌可能会促进H.p.在胃中的定植,并可能被证明是一个重要的致病因素。

发表日期: 1994-12-01

英文标题: Helicobacter pylori infection in children with recurrent abdominal pain.

中文标题: 复发性腹痛患儿幽门螺杆菌感染。

论文作者: Wewer V(1), Christiansen KM, Andersen LP, Henriksen FW, Hansen JP, Tvede M, Krasilnikoff PA.

英文摘要: Helicobacter pylori was cultured and Helicobacter-like organisms (HLO) were seen in 6 (16%) of 37 children with recurrent abdominal pain. Five children had concomitant histological inflammation, but none had endoscopic changes. All 6 children demonstrated positive serology. Compared with the total group, they were more often from developing countries, larger families and lower social groups. Treatment with phenoxymethyl penicillin and colloidal bismuth subcitrate did not result in side effects or elevated serum levels of serum bismuth. Three children demonstrated metronidazole-resistant strains and the treatment of these children remained an unsolved problem. Among the 31 H. pylori/HLO negative children 8 (26%) demonstrated histological changes, 5 (16%) endoscopic changes and 11 (35%) had positive serology. In conclusion, pathological findings at upper gastrointestinal endoscopy are common in children with recurrent abdominal pain. Because of disconcordance between endoscopy, histology and culture, we recommend that biopsies should always be taken to clarify the diagnosis.

中文摘要: 培养幽门螺杆菌,37例复发性腹痛患儿中有6例(16%)出现幽门螺杆菌样生物(HLO)。五名儿童伴有组织学炎症,但没有内镜改变。所有6名儿童均表现出阳性血清学。与总群体相比,他们更多地来自发展中国家、较大的家庭和较低的社会群体。用苯氧甲基青霉素和胶体次柠檬酸铋治疗不会导致副作用或血清铋水平升高。三名儿童表现出甲硝唑耐药菌株,这些儿童的治疗仍然是一个未解决的问题。在31名幽门螺杆菌/HLO阴性儿童中,8名(26%)表现出组织学改变,5名(16%)内镜改变,11名(35%)血清学阳性。总之,上消化道内镜检查的病理结果在复发性腹痛儿童中很常见。由于内窥镜检查,组织学和培养之间不一致,我们建议始终进行活检以明确诊断。

发表日期: 1994-12-01

英文标题: Gastric epithelial cell proliferation.

中文标题: 胃上皮细胞增殖。

论文作者: Cahill RJ(1), O'Morain CA.

英文摘要:

中文摘要:

发表日期: 1994-12-01

英文标题: Helicobacter pylori: the Portuguese scene. Grupo de Estudo Portugues do Helicobacter pylori (GEPHP).

中文标题: 幽门螺杆菌:葡萄牙场景。葡萄牙人Grupo de Estudo Portugues做幽门螺杆菌(GEPHP)。

论文作者: Quina MG(1).

英文摘要:

中文摘要:

发表日期: 1994-12-01

英文标题: The frequency of Helicobacter pylori associated peptic ulcer disease and of autoimmune-associated conditions in gastric and renal cancer: a retrospective comparison in 267 patients.

中文标题: 幽门螺杆菌相关消化性溃疡疾病和自身免疫相关疾病在胃癌和肾癌中的发生频率:267例患者的回顾性比较。

论文作者: Houben GM(1), Hooi J, Hameeteman W, Stockbrugger RW.

英文摘要:

中文摘要:

发表日期: 1994-12-01

英文标题: 6th International Symposium on Helicobacter pylori and its Diseases. Tokyo, Japan, 16-17 September 1993.

中文标题: 第六届幽门螺杆菌及其疾病国际研讨会。1993年9月16日至17日,日本东京。

论文作者: [No authors listed]

英文摘要:

中文摘要:

发表日期: 1994-12-01

英文标题: Pharmacological effects of metronidazole+tetracycline+bismuth subcitrate versus omeprazole+amoxycillin+bismuth subcitrate in Helicobacter pylori-related gastritis and peptic ulcer disease.

中文标题: 甲硝唑+四环素+次柠檬酸铋与奥美拉唑+阿莫西林+次柠檬酸铋在幽门螺杆菌相关性胃炎和消化性溃疡疾病中的药理作用。

论文作者: Park KN(1), Hahm JS, Kim HJ.

英文摘要: PURPOSE: Two 4-week triple-therapy treatment regimens, metronidazole+tetracycline+bismuth subcitrate and omeprazole+amoxycillin+bismuth subcitrate, were compared in a randomly allocated double-blind trial for their efficacy in eradicating Helicobacter pylori from the gastric mucosa of patients with gastritis and/or peptic ulcer disease.PATIENTS AND METHODS: The presence of gastritis and/or peptic ulcers was confirmed by endoscopy in all patients included in the study. To evaluate drug effects, we used the urease test on gastric mucosa, and haematoxylin-eosin and specific Giemsa stains on biopsy tissues obtained by endoscopic procedures; we also evaluated the improvement in clinical symptoms before and after the 4-week treatments.RESULTS: Among 164 patients with gastritis and/or peptic ulcers, H. pylori infection was confirmed in 93.9% (154 patients) by the urease test and in 87.8% (144 patients) by haematoxylin-eosin stain. Following 4 weeks of treatment with both combination regimens, negative conversion rates by the urease test and haematoxylin-eosin staining and rates of recovery from clinical symptoms were similar in both regimens (metronidazole+tetracycline+bismuth subcitrate: 82.3, 72.9 and 73.9%; omeprazole+amoxycillin+bismuth subcitrate: 89.6, 83.4 and 76.1%, respectively). Also, the extent of inflammatory activity and the H. pylori score by the Giemsa method indicated high rates of recovery, with improvements to grade 0 (lowest grade) from higher grades with both combination regimens (60.4 and 66.7% of patients taking metronidazole+tetracycline+bismuth subcitrate and 64.6 and 83.3 of those taking omeprazole+amoxycillin+bismuth subcitrate). However, the prevalence of side effects during the 4 weeks of treatment was doubled in the former group compared to the latter (25.5 versus 12.5% of patients).CONCLUSIONS: Significant improvements in biochemical and histopathological findings and in the clinical symptoms of gastritis and/or peptic ulcer disease in patients with a high rate of H. pylori infection were observed equally with both regimens. However, there were notably fewer side effects in patients treated with omeprazole+amoxycillin+bismuth subcitrate. We therefore recommended this regimen in preference to metronidazole+tetracycline+bismuth subcitrate for the treatment of H. pylori-related gastritis and peptic ulcer disease.

中文摘要: 目的:在一项随机双盲试验中,比较了两种为期4周的三联疗法,甲硝唑+四环素+次柠檬酸铋和奥美拉唑+阿莫西林+次柠檬酸铋,以根除胃炎和/或消化性溃疡患者胃粘膜中幽门螺杆菌的疗效。患者和方法:在研究中包括的所有患者中,通过内窥镜检查证实存在胃炎和/或消化性溃疡。为了评估药物作用,我们对胃粘膜进行了尿素酶试验,并对通过内镜手术获得的活检组织进行了苏木精-伊红和特异性吉姆萨染色;我们还评估了4周治疗前后临床症状的改善。结果:164例胃炎和/或消化性溃疡患者中,尿素酶试验证实幽门螺杆菌感染率为93.9%(154例),苏木精-伊红染色证实幽门螺杆菌感染率为87.8%(144例)。两种联合方案治疗4周后,两种方案的尿素酶试验和苏木精-伊红染色的阴性转化率以及临床症状恢复率相似(甲硝唑+四环素+次柠檬酸铋:82.3、72.9和73.9%;奥美拉唑+阿莫西林+次柠檬酸铋:分别为89.6、83.4和76.1%)。此外,Giemsa方法的炎症活动程度和幽门螺杆菌评分显示恢复率很高,两种联合治疗方案均从较高级别提高到0级(最低级别)(服用甲硝唑+四环素+次柠檬酸铋的患者为60.4%和66.7%,服用奥美拉唑+阿莫西林+次柠檬酸铋的患者为64.6%和83.3%)。然而,与后者相比,前一组治疗4周期间副作用的发生率增加了一倍(25.5%比12.5%)。结论:两种方案均观察到幽门螺杆菌感染率高的患者的生化和组织病理学发现以及胃炎和/或消化性溃疡疾病的临床症状显着改善。然而,用奥美拉唑+阿莫西林+次柠檬酸铋治疗的患者副作用明显较少。因此,我们推荐该方案优于甲硝唑+四环素+亚硝酸铋治疗幽门螺杆菌相关性胃炎和消化性溃疡病。

发表日期: 1994-12-01

英文标题: Are there ulcerogenic strains of Helicobacter pylori?

中文标题: 幽门螺杆菌是否存在致溃疡菌株?

论文作者: Mitchell HM(1), Lee A.

英文摘要: AIM: To outline the evidence for and against ulcerogenic strains of Helicobacter pylori.CONTROVERSY: Although H. pylori is now well established as a predisposing factor in peptic ulcer disease the question of why only a minority of people infected with H. pylori develop peptic ulceration remains unanswered and is the subject of much controversy.COMMON VIEW: Perhaps the most accepted view to date is the belief that there are ulcerogenic strains of H. pylori which produce a specific cytotoxin responsible for the ulceration.CONCLUSION: At the present time the case for ulcerogenic strains is not proven and the differences between H. pylori infected peptic ulcer patients and H. pylori infected non-ulcer subjects may relate simply to host factors.

中文摘要: 目的:概述支持和反对幽门螺杆菌致溃疡菌株的证据。争议:虽然幽门螺杆菌现在已被确定为消化性溃疡疾病的易感因素,但为什么只有少数感染幽门螺杆菌的人发生消化性溃疡的问题仍未得到解答,并且是许多争议的主题。共同观点:迄今为止,也许最被接受的观点是认为存在幽门螺杆菌的溃疡菌株,其产生导致溃疡的特定细胞毒素。结论:目前尚未证实致溃疡菌株的情况,幽门螺杆菌感染的消化性溃疡患者与幽门螺杆菌感染的非溃疡受试者之间的差异可能仅与宿主因素有关。

发表日期: 1994-12-01

英文标题: Effects of anti-ulcer agents on antibiotic activity against Helicobacter pylori.

中文标题: 抗溃疡药物对幽门螺杆菌抗生素活性的影响。

论文作者: Sunairi M(1), Watanabe K, Suzuki T, Tanaka N, Kuwayama H, Nakajima M.

英文摘要: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the mechanism of action of a series of potential combination therapies for use against Helicobacter pylori.DESIGN: The effects of certain anti-ulcer agents on the antimicrobial activity of antibiotics effective against H. pylori were determined in vitro.METHODS: H. pylori was cultured on Skirrow's agar. Amoxycillin, clarithromycin, erythromycin and tetracycline were used. The anti-ulcer agents studied comprised aluminum chloride, sofalcone [2'-carboxymethyl 4,4'-bis(3-methyl-2-butenyloxy)chalcone] and zinc chloride. Urease activity was measured by the urease-indophenol method. The minimum inhibitory concentration was determined by a plating method, with H. pylori streaked on plates containing various concentrations of the antibiotics plus sublethal doses of the anti-ulcer agents.RESULTS: This in vitro study showed that sofalcone had a direct antibacterial effect and, in addition, inhibited the adhesive property of H. pylori. It did not inhibit the antimicrobial activity of the antibiotics amoxycillin, clarithromycin, erythromycin or tetracycline against H. pylori. The metal ions had inhibitory effects on the antimicrobial activity of amoxycillin, erythromycin and tetracycline, but not on that of clarithromycin.CONCLUSION: This study suggests that sofalcone is a suitable candidate for combination therapy.

中文摘要: 目的:探讨一系列潜在的联合疗法对幽门螺杆菌的作用机制。设计:体外测定某些抗溃疡药物对幽门螺杆菌有效抗生素抗菌活性的影响。方法:幽门螺杆菌在Skirrow琼脂上培养。使用阿莫西林,克拉霉素,红霉素和四环素。所研究的抗溃疡剂包括氯化铝,索法酮[2'-羧甲基4,4'-双(3-甲基-2-丁烯氧基)查尔酮]和氯化锌。。通过平板法测定最小抑制浓度,幽门螺杆菌在含有各种浓度的抗生素和亚致死剂量的抗溃疡剂的平板上划线。结果:该体外研究表明,索法酮具有直接抗菌作用,并且抑制幽门螺杆菌的粘附性。它不抑制抗生素阿莫西林,克拉霉素,红霉素或四环素对幽门螺杆菌的抗菌活性。金属离子对阿莫西林,红霉素和四环素的抗菌活性有抑制作用,但对克拉霉素的抗菌活性没有抑制作用。结论:这项研究表明,索法酮是联合治疗的合适候选者。

发表日期: 1994-12-01

英文标题: Characteristics of vacuolating toxin produced by Helicobacter pylori.

中文标题: 幽门螺杆菌产生的空泡毒素的特征。

论文作者: Kamiya S(1), Kai M, Ozawa A, Kobayashi H, Shirai T, Harasawa S, Miwa T.

英文摘要: OBJECTIVE: We sought a good indicator cell line to use in detecting the vacuolating toxin produced by Helicobacter pylori and in examining the characteristics of the toxin.DESIGN AND METHODS: Using five cell lines [baby hamster kidney (BHK-21), human amnion (FL), human uterine cancer (HeLa), rabbit kidney (RK-13) and African green monkey kidney (Vero)], cytotoxicity assays were performed with 33 H. pylori strains. To analyse the proteins produced by toxigenic and non-toxigenic strains, immunoblotting was done with the sera of patients with gastroduodenal diseases.RESULTS: When RK-13, FL, Vero, BHK-21 and HeLa cells were used for the assay, 73, 61, 27, 27 and 21% of strains, respectively, were toxigenic. The vacuolating toxin is sensitive to heat at 70 degrees C. By immunoblot analysis, under non-denaturing conditions, immune sera recognized proteins with molecular weights of 600,000 and 500,000 in the toxigenic but not in the non-toxigenic strains.CONCLUSION: H. pylori produces vacuolating toxin, which is a heat-sensitive protein at 70 degrees C and is easily detectable by cytotoxicity assay using the RK-13 cell line. Toxigenic H. pylori strains produce various proteins, including this toxin, which are recognized by sera from patients with gastroduodenal diseases.

中文摘要: 目的:我们寻找一种良好的指示细胞系,用于检测幽门螺杆菌产生的空泡毒素和检测毒素的特性。设计和方法:使用五种细胞系[幼仓鼠肾(BHK-21),人羊膜(FL),人子宫癌(HeLa),兔肾(RK-13)和非洲绿猴肾(Vero)],用33株幽门螺杆菌菌株进行细胞毒性测定。为了分析产毒和非产毒菌株产生的蛋白质,对胃十二指肠疾病患者的血清进行了免疫印迹。结果:当使用RK-13,FL,Vero,BHK-21和HeLa细胞进行测定时,分别有73%,61%,27%,27%和21%的菌株具有毒性。空泡毒素在70℃时对热敏感。通过免疫印迹分析,在非变性条件下,免疫血清在产毒菌株中识别分子量为600000和500000的蛋白质,但在非产毒菌株中不识别。结论:幽门螺杆菌产生空泡毒素,这是一种在70摄氏度时对热敏感的蛋白质,很容易通过使用RK-13细胞系的细胞毒性测定来检测。产毒幽门螺杆菌菌株产生各种蛋白质,包括这种毒素,这些蛋白质被胃十二指肠疾病患者的血清识别。

发表日期: 1994-12-01

英文标题: Mucosal interleukin-8 and Helicobacter pylori-associated gastroduodenal disease.

中文标题: 粘膜白细胞介素-8和幽门螺杆菌相关的胃十二指肠疾病。

论文作者: Crabtree JE(1), Lindley IJ.

英文摘要: OBJECTIVE: To review the role of interleukin (IL)-8 in the immunopathology of Helicobacter pylori-associated gastroduodenal disease.METHOD: Literature review.RESULTS: In H. pylori infection, IL-8 secretion by the gastric mucosa is increased, particularly in patients with active neutrophilic gastritis. Immunoreactive IL-8 is evident in the epithelium of histologically normal gastric mucosa but epithelial IL-8 expression is increased in H. pylori-associated chronic gastritis. Gastric epithelial cell lines constitutively express IL-8 messenger (m)RNA and IL-8 message and protein secretion can be upregulated by the cytokines tumour necrosis factor-alpha, IL-1 alpha and IL-1 beta. H. pylori also directly induces epithelial IL-8 expression in a strain-specific manner. Cytotoxic strains expressing the CagA protein upregulate IL-8 mRNA and IL-8 protein secretion.CONCLUSION: IL-8 is an important chemotactic and activating factor for neutrophils. The secretion of IL-8 by epithelial cells is probably a key factor in host defences at mucosal sites, permitting a rapid polymorph response against infectious agents. If defence mechanisms fail and chronic infection results, continued upregulation of IL-8 and neutrophil activation could lead to mucosal damage and increased free radical formation. Mucosal IL-8 production in H. pylori infection may be an important factor in the immunopathogenesis of peptic ulcer disease and also be of relevance to gastric carcinogenesis.

中文摘要: 目的:探讨白细胞介素(IL)-8在幽门螺杆菌相关性胃十二指肠疾病免疫病理中的作用。方法:文献综述。结果:在幽门螺杆菌感染中,胃粘膜分泌的IL-8增加,特别是在活动性中性粒细胞性胃炎患者中。免疫反应性IL-8在组织学正常胃粘膜的上皮中是明显的,但在幽门螺杆菌相关的慢性胃炎中上皮IL-8表达增加。胃上皮细胞系组成性表达IL-8信使(m)RNA和IL-8信息,细胞因子肿瘤坏死因子α,IL-1α和IL-1β可上调蛋白质分泌。H、 幽门螺杆菌还以菌株特异性方式直接诱导上皮IL-8表达。表达CagA蛋白的细胞毒性菌株上调IL-8 mRNA和IL-8蛋白分泌。结论:IL-8是中性粒细胞的重要趋化和活化因子。上皮细胞分泌IL-8可能是粘膜部位宿主防御的关键因素,可以对感染因子产生快速的多晶型反应。如果防御机制失败并导致慢性感染,IL-8和中性粒细胞活化的持续上调可能导致粘膜损伤和自由基形成增加。幽门螺杆菌感染中粘膜IL-8的产生可能是消化性溃疡疾病免疫发病机制中的重要因素,也与胃癌发生有关。

发表日期: 1994-12-01

英文标题: Effect of gastric mucosal blood flow on the pathogenesis of ammonia in Helicobacter pylori-induced gastric mucosal injury.

中文标题: 胃粘膜血流对幽门螺杆菌诱导的胃粘膜损伤中氨发病机制的影响。

论文作者: Murakami M(1), Asagoe K, Kusaka S, Kita T.

英文摘要: PURPOSE: We investigated the effects of the gastric mucosal blood flow on the pathophysiology of ammonia-induced gastric mucosal damage.DESIGN: The study was designed to show whether the damaging effect of ammonia, a product of Helicobacter pylori urease, on the gastric mucosa is increased by the decrease in gastric mucosal blood flow in rats subjected to ischemia.RESULTS: Although ammonium chloride at concentrations of 15-60 mmol/l produced no significant macroscopical lesion in normotensive rats, it caused severe macroscopic hemorrhagic gastric lesions in the stomachs of rats subjected to ischemia. Exposure of the stomach to the combination of ischemia and ammonium chloride (60-600 mmol/l, pH adjusted to 7-9 with sodium hydroxide) produced macroscopic hemorrhagic lesions. However, exposure of the mucosa to the combination of ischemia and sodium hydroxide (60-600 mmol/l, pH was reduced to 7-9 with hydrochloric acid) produced no significant lesions.CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate that the mucosal lesions observed in patients infected with H. pylori are not caused by the alkalinity of H. pylori-produced ammonia and suggest that concomitant infection with H. pylori in the ischemic stomach may lead to the development of ulceration in these patients.

中文摘要: 目的:我们研究了胃粘膜血流对氨诱导的胃粘膜损伤的病理生理学的影响。。结果:尽管浓度为15-60 mmol/l的氯化铵在血压正常的大鼠中没有产生明显的宏观损伤,但它在缺血大鼠的胃中引起严重的宏观出血性胃损伤。将胃暴露于缺血和氯化铵(60-600 mmol/l,用氢氧化钠调节pH至7-9)的组合产生肉眼可见的出血性病变。然而,将粘膜暴露于缺血和氢氧化钠的组合(60-600 mmol/l,用盐酸将pH降低至7-9)不会产生明显的损伤。结论:这些结果表明,在感染幽门螺杆菌的患者中观察到的粘膜病变不是由幽门螺杆菌产生的氨的碱度引起的,并且表明在缺血性胃中伴随幽门螺杆菌感染可能导致这些患者溃疡的发展。

发表日期: 1994-12-01

英文标题: Toxic factors of Helicobacter pylori.

中文标题: 幽门螺杆菌的毒性因素。

论文作者: Mégraud F(1).

英文摘要: PURPOSE: To review the various toxic factors produced directly or indirectly by Helicobacter pylori and discuss their relative importance in H. pylori infection.RESULTS: The toxic factors produced by H. pylori can act at different levels. At the epithelial cell level H. pylori enzymes generate toxic molecules: ammonia (urease), lysolecithin (phospholipases) and acetaldehyde (alcohol dehydrogenase). The harmful effects of ammonia have been studied the most intensively and seem to be a likely mechanism of pathogenicity. A vacuolating cytotoxin is expressed in 50-60% of the strains while the gene is present in all. Despite the fact that its potential toxic effect is low, the cytotoxin is associated with ulcer development. Another protein, CagA is a marker for the presence of the toxin. H. pylori can also produce a hemolysin, a platelet-activating factor and a factor that alters parietal cell function. At the mucus level, it does not seem that H. pylori enzymes degrade mucin, and the thinness of the layer could be due to inhibition of mucus exocytosis.CONCLUSION: H. pylori have a wide range of toxic factors which can act together but no one factor is considered sufficient alone to explain the observed lesions.

中文摘要: 目的:回顾幽门螺杆菌直接或间接产生的各种毒性因子,并讨论它们在幽门螺杆菌感染中的相对重要性。结果:幽门螺杆菌产生的毒性因子可以在不同水平上起作用。在上皮细胞水平,幽门螺杆菌酶产生有毒分子:氨(脲酶),溶血磷脂(磷脂酶)和乙醛(醇脱氢酶)。。空泡细胞毒素在50-60%的菌株中表达,而该基因存在于所有菌株中。尽管其潜在的毒性作用很低,但细胞毒素与溃疡的发展有关。另一种蛋白质CagA是毒素存在的标志。H、 幽门螺杆菌还可以产生溶血素,血小板活化因子和改变壁细胞功能的因子。在粘液水平上,幽门螺杆菌酶似乎不会降解粘蛋白,并且该层的变薄可能是由于粘液胞吐作用的抑制。结论:幽门螺杆菌具有多种毒性因素,可以共同作用,但没有一种因素被认为足以解释观察到的病变。

发表日期: 1994-12-01

英文标题: The use of a mouse model in the study of Helicobacter sp.-associated gastric cancer.

中文标题: 小鼠模型在幽门螺杆菌相关胃癌研究中的应用。

论文作者: Lee A(1).

英文摘要: HYPOTHESIS: Long-term infection with Helicobacter pylori and the associated gastritis is now thought to cause a predisposition to gastric cancer through cellular changes resulting from inflammatory damage or because of direct effects of the bacterium. MICE AS MODELS FOR H. PYLORI-ASSOCIATED GASTRIC CANCER: Long-term infection of conventional Swiss mice with either H. felis or H. heilmannii results in atrophic gastritis. Infection of specific pathogen-free Balb/c mice results in the development of lesions similar to H. pylori-associated low-grade B-cell gastric lymphomas.CONCLUSION: H. pylori-infected mice appear to be excellent models for the study of tumours induced by this bacterium.

中文摘要: 假设:幽门螺杆菌和相关胃炎的长期感染现在被认为是通过炎症损伤引起的细胞变化或由于细菌的直接作用而导致胃癌的易感性。小鼠作为幽门螺杆菌相关胃癌的模型:用猫嗜血杆菌或H.heilmannii长期感染常规瑞士小鼠会导致萎缩性胃炎。无特定病原体的Balb/c小鼠的感染导致类似于幽门螺杆菌相关的低度B细胞胃淋巴瘤的病变的发展。结论:幽门螺杆菌感染的小鼠似乎是研究这种细菌诱导的肿瘤的优秀模型。

发表日期: 1994-12-01

英文标题: Intestinal metaplasia, atrophic gastritis and stomach cancer: trends over time.

中文标题: 肠化生,萎缩性胃炎和胃癌:随时间推移的趋势。

论文作者: Sipponen P(1), Kimura K.

英文摘要: BACKGROUND: The pathogenetic association of chronic atrophic gastritis and intestinal metaplasia with gastric cancer implies that the trends seen in these disorders over time should be similar. Both should similarly decrease in incidence with time, and a time-related relationship should occur between the incidence of gastric cancer and the rate of development of atrophic gastritis in the stomach of Helicobacter pylori-infected subjects.AIMS AND METHODS: We reviewed some recent studies from Finland on the time trends seen in chronic gastritis, atrophic gastritis (and intestinal metaplasia) and gastric cancer over a period of 15 years (1977-1992). In addition, using results from earlier studies from Japan and Finland, we formed hypotheses on how the time-dependent evolution and extension of atrophic gastritis may accord with the occurrence of gastric cancer in the stomach.RESULTS: Our investigations showed that the incidence of gastric cancer and the prevalence of H. pylori-associated gastritis, atrophic gastritis and intestinal metaplasia have decreased similarly in outpatient series during the last 15 years. Correspondingly, gastric cancer, atrophic gastritis and intestinal metaplasia are cohort phenomena in the population, and the prevalence rate of atrophic gastritis is correlated with the cohort-specific incidence of gastric cancer; both are high in cohorts born near the beginning of the century but are quite low in those born in recent decades. Since antral and angular areas of the stomach are primary sites for gastric cancer tumours, the earlier investigations indicate that the time-dependent progression of gastritis in grade (development of atrophic gastritis and intestinal metaplasia) and extent (spreading of gastritis by pylorocardial extension) is well correlated with the rate and predisposition of gastric cancer tumours in the distal and angular stomach.CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that atrophic gastritis (or intestinal metaplasia) and gastric cancer are very much alike in time trends and in course. This parallelism favours suggestions that H. pylori-associated gastritis with atrophic and metaplastic sequelae (atrophic gastritis) contribute to the pathogenesis of gastric cancer.

中文摘要: 背景:慢性萎缩性胃炎和肠化生与胃癌的致病关联意味着随着时间的推移,这些疾病的趋势应该是相似的。两者的发病率都应该随着时间的推移而降低,胃癌的发病率与幽门螺杆菌感染者胃中萎缩性胃炎的发生率之间应该存在时间相关的关系。目的和方法:我们回顾了芬兰最近关于15年(1977-1992年)慢性胃炎,萎缩性胃炎(和肠化生)和胃癌的时间趋势的一些研究。此外,利用日本和芬兰早期研究的结果,我们对萎缩性胃炎的时间依赖性演变和扩展如何与胃癌的发生相一致提出了假设。。相应地,胃癌,萎缩性胃炎和肠化生是人群中的队列现象,萎缩性胃炎的患病率与胃癌的队列特异性发病率相关;两者在本世纪初出生的人群中都很高,但在近几十年出生的人群中却很低。由于胃窦和胃角区域是胃癌肿瘤的主要部位,早期的研究表明,胃炎的时间依赖性进展(萎缩性胃炎和肠化生的发展)和程度(胃炎通过幽门贲门扩展的扩散)与远端和角部胃癌肿瘤的发生率和易感性密切相关。结论:我们得出结论,萎缩性胃炎(或肠化生)和胃癌在时间趋势和过程上非常相似。这种平行性有利于认为幽门螺杆菌相关性胃炎伴有萎缩性和化生性后遗症(萎缩性胃炎)有助于胃癌的发病机制。

发表日期: 1994-12-01

英文标题: The effect of the immune response to Helicobacter pylori in the development of intestinal metaplasia.

中文标题: 对幽门螺杆菌的免疫反应在肠化生发展中的作用。

论文作者: Sugiyama T(1), Awakawa T, Hayashi S, Hisano K, Yabana T, Kurokawa I, Yachi A.

英文摘要: AIM: To determine whether cytotoxic Helicobacter pylori antibodies occur in gastric mucosa, and whether these antibodies contribute to the development of intestinal metaplasia.MATERIALS AND METHODS: The number of mononuclear inflammatory cells, which specifically produce immunoglobulin (Ig)G and IgA antibodies, was investigated by using an enzyme-linked immunospot assay and the fraction of mononuclear inflammatory cells determined in gastric biopsy specimens from 34 subjects with H. pylori infection. Assays for the cytotoxicity of H. pylori antibodies were performed on cultured Japanese green monkey kidney (Vero) cells and by in vitro tests.RESULTS: The number of IgG and IgA antibody-producing cells was positively correlated with the degree of inflammation of the gastric mucosa. However, the number of IgG antibody-producing cells was lower in subjects with intestinal metaplasia than in those without. This was not the case for IgA. Significant cytotoxic damage was observed in Vero cells in vitro when incubated in a solution containing the H. pylori IgG antibody, antigen and polymorphonuclear leukocytes. No cytotoxicity was seen with the IgA antibody or with the antigen or polymorphonuclear leukocytes alone.CONCLUSIONS: H. pylori infection is associated with the appearance of immunocompetent mononuclear cells in gastric mucosa. These cells produce H. pylori antibodies of the IgG class which are capable of causing cytotoxic damage in the epithelial cells, obviously through activation of polymorphonuclear leukocytes by antibody-antigen complexes. The occurrence of these cells is inversely related to intestinal metaplasia, suggesting that they may be involved in the processes of epithelial damage leading to the appearance of intestinal metaplasia.

中文摘要: 目的:确定胃粘膜中是否存在细胞毒性幽门螺杆菌抗体,以及这些抗体是否有助于肠化生的发展。材料和方法:通过使用酶联免疫斑点测定法研究特异性产生免疫球蛋白(Ig)G和IgA抗体的单核炎性细胞的数量,并在来自34名幽门螺杆菌感染受试者的胃活检标本中测定单核炎性细胞的比例。幽门螺杆菌抗体的细胞毒性测定是在培养的日本绿猴肾(Vero)细胞上进行的,并通过体外试验进行。结果:产生IgG和IgA抗体的细胞数量与胃粘膜炎症程度呈正相关。然而,肠化生患者的IgG抗体产生细胞数量低于无肠化生患者。IgA并非如此。当在含有幽门螺杆菌IgG抗体,抗原和多形核白细胞的溶液中孵育时,在体外Vero细胞中观察到显着的细胞毒性损伤。IgA抗体或单独使用抗原或多形核白细胞未见细胞毒性。结论:幽门螺杆菌感染与胃粘膜中免疫活性单核细胞的出现有关。这些细胞产生IgG类的幽门螺杆菌抗体,其能够在上皮细胞中引起细胞毒性损伤,显然是通过抗体-抗原复合物激活多形核白细胞。这些细胞的发生与肠化生呈负相关,表明它们可能参与导致肠化生出现的上皮损伤过程。

发表日期: 1994-12-01

英文标题: Pathogenesis of Helicobacter pylori and perspectives of vaccine development against an emerging pathogen.

中文标题: 幽门螺杆菌的发病机制和针对新兴病原体的疫苗开发前景。

论文作者: Rappuoli R(1), Covacci A, Ghiara P, Telford J.

英文摘要: Infection of the stomach and the duodenum by Helicobacter pylori is the major cause of acute and chronic gastroduodenal pathologies in humans and increases the risk of gastric cancer. The recognition of the infectious nature of the illness is having a major impact in the management of the disease that is shifting from the treatment of symptoms by anti-H2 blockers to the eradication of the bacterial infection by antibiotic regimen. Experience with other bacterial diseases, suggests that antibiotic treatment will select resistant strains that in the long term will make the antibiotics infective. Vaccination that classically is the most effective way to prevent and control infectious diseases in large population, could be used to prevent infection and possibly also to treat the disease. Here we summarize the studies on the identification and characterization of the virulence factors that are important for the pathogenesis of the bacterium and that may be candidate components for a vaccine. Animal models of the infection are also described.

中文摘要: 幽门螺杆菌感染胃和十二指肠是人类急性和慢性胃十二指肠病变的主要原因,并增加了胃癌的风险。对疾病传染性的认识正在对疾病的管理产生重大影响,这种疾病正在从抗H2阻滞剂治疗症状转变为通过抗生素方案根除细菌感染。其他细菌性疾病的经验表明,抗生素治疗将选择长期会使抗生素具有感染性的耐药菌株。疫苗接种通常是预防和控制大量人群传染病的最有效方法,可用于预防感染,也可能用于治疗疾病。在这里,我们总结了关于毒力因子的鉴定和表征的研究,这些毒力因子对于细菌的发病机理很重要,并且可能是疫苗的候选成分。还描述了感染的动物模型。

发表日期: 1994-12-01

英文标题: Salvage synthesis of purine nucleotides by Helicobacter pylori.

中文标题:

论文作者: Mendz GL(1), Jimenez BM, Hazell SL, Gero AM, O'Sullivan WJ.

英文摘要: The incorporation of purine nucleotide precursors into Helicobacter pylori and the activities of enzymes involved in nucleotide salvage biosynthetic pathways were investigated by radioactive tracer analysis and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The organism took up the nucleobases adenine, guanine and hypoxanthine, and the nucleosides adenosine, guanosine and deoxyadenosine. Any incorporation of deoxyguanosine by the cells was below the detection limits of the methods employed. The activities of adenine-, guanine- and hypoxanthine-phosphoribosyl transferases were established. The bacterium showed high levels of adenosine and guanosine nucleosidase activities and lesser activity for deoxyadenosine; no hydrolysis of deoxyguanosine was detected. Phosphorylase activities were not observed with any of the nucleosides. Phosphotransferase activities with similar rates were demonstrated for adenosine, guanosine and deoxyadenosine; and a weaker activity was detected for deoxyguanosine. No nucleoside kinase activities were observed with any of the nucleosides. The presence of adenylate kinase was established, but no guanylate kinase activity was observed. The study provided evidence for the presence in H. pylori of salvage pathways for the biosynthesis of purine nucleotides.

中文摘要: 通过放射性示踪剂分析和核磁共振波谱研究了嘌呤核苷酸前体掺入幽门螺杆菌以及参与核苷酸补救生物合成途径的酶的活性。该生物体吸收核苷腺嘌呤,鸟嘌呤和次黄嘌呤,以及核苷腺苷,鸟苷和脱氧腺苷。细胞掺入脱氧鸟苷均低于所用方法的检测限。建立了腺嘌呤,鸟嘌呤和次黄嘌呤磷酸核糖转移酶的活性。该细菌显示出高水平的腺苷和鸟苷核苷酶活性,而脱氧腺苷的活性较低;未检测到脱氧鸟苷的水解。任何核苷均未观察到磷酸化酶活性。腺苷,鸟苷和脱氧腺苷的磷酸转移酶活性相似;脱氧鸟苷的活性较弱。任何核苷均未观察到核苷激酶活性。确定了腺苷酸激酶的存在,但未观察到鸟苷酸激酶活性。该研究为幽门螺杆菌中存在嘌呤核苷酸生物合成的补救途径提供了证据。

 

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